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CATEGORY: Content » Projects
By Lighting Controls Association, on January 21, 2012
The Lighting Control Innovation Award was created in 2011 as part of the Illuminating Engineering Society’s Illumination Awards program, which recognizes professionalism, ingenuity and originality in lighting design. LCA is proud to sponsor the Lighting Control Innovation Award, which recognizes projects that exemplify the effective use of lighting controls in nonresidential applications. In this award’s first year, eight projects were recognized with an Award of Merit, with one further recognized with a Special Citation Award.
This month, we will explore how designers tackled the challenges of upgrading the lighting and controls at a historic cathedral, the First Congregational Church of Los Angeles. This project won an Award of Merit. Photography by Anthony Masters Photography. Lighting control design by First Circle Design, LLC. Control product used: Unison Paradigm control system by Electronic Theatre Controls, Inc.
Upgrading the lighting and controls for this historic cathedral presented complex challenges. The existing sanctuary lighting control required manual switching at the breakers. The control systems needed to support the function of an active environment and also provide a dynamic event capacity via simplistic interfaces. Existing conditions offered no lighting control infrastructure, restricted electrical capacity, and limited conduit locations.
Multiple control locations, asynchronous recall of presets, and auto-preset settings for different times of day/days of the week were control requirements for Services. Holidays required an array of predetermined presets, triggered via a push-button. Finally, the system had to be capable of being controlled by an external theatrical console for events.
Wireless data distribution conserved infrastructural penetrations, while a new dimming system provides independent area lighting for Services. A wall-mounted control interface offers Entry presets and a wireless interface manages multiple-location scene selection during Services. A DMX port for an external theatrical console completes the system.
Standard operations run via astronomical time-clock. Entry presets trigger Day, Night, and After Hours scenes.
An access code at the interfaces grants access to further extensive preprogrammed scenes. These can be selected and custom-configured without external programming.
A password protected interface button releases control for theatrical productions.
The architecture and utilization of the Sanctuary determined zoning, providing multiple ‘zones’ for both small and large-scale controllability.
Control zones designated as follows: ‘Pulpit’, ‘Deacon’, ‘Choir’, ‘Reredos’, ‘Balcony’, ‘Gallery’, ‘Rose Window’, and ‘Congregation’.
To allow for specific needs of a speaker/signer, all key-lighting is individually controlled via virtual slider on the touch-screen.
The control system was designed to provide automated operational triggers and any-time, live-event flexibility, with minimal infrastructural impact. Utilizing wireless DMX in conjunction with LED technology
preserves the historic grandeur of the cathedral and also successfully addresses the complex challenges of a flexible and dynamic environment.
By Lighting Controls Association, on December 14, 2011
The Lighting Control Innovation Award was created in 2011 as part of the Illuminating Engineering Society’s Illumination Awards program, which recognizes professionalism, ingenuity and originality in lighting design. LCA is proud to sponsor the Lighting Control Innovation Award, which recognizes projects that exemplify the effective use of lighting controls in nonresidential applications. In this award’s first year, eight projects were recognized with an Award of Merit, with one further recognized with a Special Citation Award.
This month, we will explore the role that sophisticated lighting controls play at the City of Dreams Resort, Bubble Theater/ Macau SAR, creating an immersive virtual underwater experience with media and light. This project won a Special Citation Award for the use of controls in an entertainment lighting project. Photography by Jason Goldenberg. Lighting control design by Lightswitch Architectural Inc.
The design challenge was to make an asymmetric domed space, an immersive experience with media and light, pushing the possibilities of the built environment. The designers coordinated the addition of an interior skin that would be elliptical, and symmetrical, so projected images would not distort.
The dome becomes a seamless projection surface with 15, blended 30,000 lumen video projectors along with 10,000 LED’s interlaced within the perforated dome. The LEDs provide pixel mapped support of the content enhancing bubbles, sparkles, explosions and magical auras surrounding animated characters.
The elaborate control system is both DMX and video driven through a massive control network, in addition to relay control for afterhours shutdown.
Designing the lighting and lighting controls system, each of the thousands of lighting elements/luminaires are individually controlled with approximately 50,000 channels, and 80 universes.
The designers coordinated maintenance schedules and system training with operations staff, designed access to the equipment via elaborate multistory catwalks, and follow-up with annual site visits.
Designed with touch screen diagnostic checks, a clearly defined system criteria and creative intent keep the system operating per design intent.
Kinetic sea creatures fly in and out of the space, and did not allow for data to be run. So wireless access points sourced from the IT industry are used to transmit data for control.
Custom coral chandeliers house strobes and RGB LEDs, controlled via pixel mapping.
A true marvel of media and lighting design integration.
On-site to commission, coordinate, and program controls, the designers provided a systems integrator for a year, and an average of seven designers for five months.
Energy efficiency: The designers used only arc lamp metal halide and LED sources, and the system contains a total of 234 W/sq.ft. to accommodate the endless variety of environments.
Budget: The design team provided an $8 million installed lighting budget and came in 5% under budget.
Got a project? Criteria for the new award, along with submissions forms and procedures, can be viewed at www.IES.org/programs/ia.cfm.
By Lighting Controls Association, on November 14, 2011
The Lighting Control Innovation Award was created in 2011 as part of the Illuminating Engineering Society’s Illumination Awards program, which recognizes professionalism, ingenuity and originality in lighting design. LCA is proud to sponsor the Lighting Control Innovation Award, which recognizes projects that exemplify the effective use of lighting controls in nonresidential applications. In this award’s first year, eight projects were recognized with an Award of Merit, with one further recognized with a Special Citation Award.
This month, we will explore the role that energy-saving lighting controls play at the Cleveland Public Library Rice Branch, a new building that achieved a LEED Silver rating. Photography by David Joseph. Control manufacturers/products: Lutron Electronics’ Quantum, EcoSystem, Sivoia Shading Solutions, GRAFIK Eye QS. Lighting control design by Tec Inc Engineering & Design.
Multiple control strategies were implemented into the design of this new construction urban public library. At 14,000 sq ft, it became the first freestanding public library in the state to achieve a LEED Silver rating.
Direct-indirect luminaires float gracefully within the open space providing just the right amount of illumination to meet the targeted goals. Photosensors are integrated into the luminaire and wired back to DALI ballasts.
The lighting control plan shows the openness of the space and the minimized amount of circuits needed. The DALI system separates the control from the power, making the installation more flexible for the changing needs of the collection over time.
The one-line diagram illustrates the full system of strategies combined on this project, including: daylight harvesting, occupancy sensing, scene control and automated shading.
Ballast tuning was employed in the soft seating areas where a reduced footcandle level was desired. With a high-end trim set to 65% the LPD went 1.13 down to 1.06. This amounts to a savings of 19% compared to energy code 90.1-2004.
Highlighting the area seen above showcases the need for varied lighting levels over multiple task types within continuous linear runs of luminaires.
A close-up of the plan indicates the desired light levels of both the daylight harvesting and tuning. Without the DALI system, this would have proved a challenging wiring project for the Electrical Contractor.
Lighting controls were located at the main circulation desk and were also tied to an astronomical timeclock that could be triggered at each entry door for unexpected after-hours staff.
Full scene control was implemented into the meeting space seen here, with shades fully open for maximum daylight contribution.
An evening scene showcases the seamless integration of the varied light levels without detracting from the overall appearance of the space.
Got a project? Criteria for the new award, along with submissions forms and procedures, can be viewed at www.IES.org/programs/ia.cfm.
By Lighting Controls Association, on October 27, 2011
Inside Building 801 at the Boeing facility in Long Beach, California, there’s no shortage of big brains and high-tech marvels. That’s where the company is busy designing military aircraft such as the C17 “Globemaster III” transport plane for the U.S. Air Force.
The building houses a wide variety of impressive technologies, some of which have nothing to do with aviation. In fact, one of the latest additions is a brand new lighting system designed by Boeing facility engineer Jeff Haberman.
Haberman wanted to retrofit Building 801 with automated lighting controls that would significantly reduce the facility’s overall energy needs. Specifically, he wanted three things:
* To add photocells for daylight harvesting in all the offices and areas around the perimeter of the building where windows were providing natural light
* To install occupancy sensors in all corridors, private offices, break rooms, and conference rooms
* To set up an automated scheduler to reduce light levels at specific times of day
In order to design the new system, Haberman identified three different technologies that could provide him with the capabilities he was looking for: 0–10V dimming, DALI dimming, and DCL technology from Universal Lighting Technologies.
The first two solutions would force Boeing to install new control wiring throughout the building—an expensive prospect. They would also require a separate control system designed specifically for lighting. DCL, on the other hand, requires no additional control wiring. Instead, it communicates over the existing power circuits. Plus, DCL was fully compatible with the facility’s existing Building Management System (BMS).
As a result, the estimated cost of a DCL retrofit was 40% lower than either of the other two options—and only 5% more than the cost of a traditional lighting system! What’s more, the payback period for a DCL retrofit was less than 2.5 years, compared to approximately seven years for either of the other systems (including utility incentives).
 As you might guess, Boeing selected the DCL solution. According to Haberman, DCL required 90% less wiring than other systems, 60% less hardware, and 70% less programming. And he calls the installation “a piece of cake.”
The entire installation took place in November and December of 2010. All told, 2,050 fixtures were replaced. Each new fixture contains either two or three 32-watt T8 lamps attached to high-efficiency DEMANDflex ballasts from Universal Lighting Technologies. Each DEMANDflex ballast was “tuned” during installation to the optimal light level (ballast factor) for its specific environment, helping to eliminate the common—and costly—problem of over-lighting. These ballasts are specifically designed for DCL technology in order to communicate with the BMS at the circuit level.
Every night, the BMS signals the ballasts to cut power by 50% at 6 p.m. while the cleaning crew is in the building. At 7 p.m., the lights turn off. Of course, anyone still working in the building has the ability to override these commands and temporarily keep the lights on in his/her area. This can be done from any desktop computer or from a password-protected touchscreen display near the elevators on each floor. In addition, occupancy sensors reduce power levels to 34% in each office or common area when they detect that these spaces are unoccupied. And photocells automatically reduce unnecessary artificial light in areas near windows whenever they detect sunlight.
Haberman calls the control system “pretty darned simple” and reports that employee reaction has been “very positive.” And the results are outstanding: “We’ve seen a nearly 60% reduction in energy use for lighting,” said Haberman.
In real-world numbers, the lighting system in Building 801 previously required 950,000 kWh per year. The number now is approximately 400,000 kWh per year. That amounts to a 57% reduction in energy costs for lighting alone, or a 15% reduction in the building’s overall energy needs. “It works great,” said Haberman. “No other system comes close.”
As if that’s not impressive enough, Boeing also participates in a Demand Response Program with its local utility. This allows the utility to automatically reduce power to Building 801’s lighting system by 30% whenever the local power grid is near capacity. Not only does Boeing reduce its energy by 15.8 cents for every 1 kWh it saves through this program, but the utility provides Boeing with a $3 incentive for every 1 kWh saved as well.
How easy is it to reduce energy consumption and monthly power bills with DCL? According to Haberman, “Basically, it’s bulletproof.”
Learn more about Universal’s DCL technology here.
By Lighting Controls Association, on October 11, 2011
The Lighting Control Innovation Award was created in 2011 as part of the Illuminating Engineering Society’s Illumination Awards program, which recognizes professionalism, ingenuity and originality in lighting design. LCA is proud to sponsor the Lighting Control Innovation Award, which recognizes projects that exemplify the effective use of lighting controls in nonresidential applications. In this award’s first year, eight projects were recognized with an Award of Merit, with one further recognized with a Special Citation Award.
This month, we will explore the role that energy-saving lighting controls play at the University of Colorado Center for Community in Denver, which applied for LEED Gold. Photography by Paul Brokering Photography. Control manufacturers/products: Encelium’s Energy Control System. Lighting control design by M-E Engineers, Inc.
A sustainability plan was put in place to achieve LEED Gold. Lighting controls were implemented in various areas in the 302, 000 gross sq. ft. campus. Dining, student center, gathering spaces, meeting rooms and underground parking garage to name a few.
The owner wanted centralized control of HVAC and lighting systems to seamlessly integrate with a building management system. The goal was to maximize lighting energy savings, increase occupant comfort, integrate with BMS, and reduce costs. Lighting technology was used to layer six strategies (Daylight harvesting, Occupancy Sensing, Personal Control, Task Tuning, Time
Scheduling and Load Shedding) that integrated into the BMS system. Estimated lighting energy savings 50-75%.
Lighting Control System includes I/O Modules, Dimming Electronic Ballasts, Occupancy Sensors, Photo Sensors, Wall Controllers, Relay Control Panels, Communication Wiring, and energy and graphical lighting control software.
Typical graphical floor plan showing Daylight Harvesting.
Typical graphical floor plan showing lighting status On/Off.
Lighting Control Software provides two separate levels of PC interface: personal and central control to the administrator to perform energy management, configuration and monitoring operations.
Basis of Design included color coded drawings describing control strategies by type of space. Area A (Green) Individual fixture control, wall mount occupancy sensors, controlled by exterior daylight sensor. Area K – Conference rooms and similar: Ceiling mounted occupancy sensor, individual fixtures control, and time clock control. Rooms with 2 zones or less provide individual zone control. Rooms with greater then 2 zones provide scene controller and individual zone controls.
Typical lighting energy consumption savings chart.
A centralized Lighting control system provided multiple lighting control strategies to maximize savings while minimizing the amount of product and labor. Example: Common hardware (dimming ballasts) are used for 4 different lighting control solutions. Daylight harvesting, Load Shedding, Task Tuning and personal control.
Got a project? Criteria for the new award, along with submissions forms and procedures, can be viewed at www.IES.org/programs/ia.cfm.
By Lighting Controls Association, on September 20, 2011
The Lighting Control Innovation Award was created in 2011 as part of the Illuminating Engineering Society’s Illumination Awards program, which recognizes professionalism, ingenuity and originality in lighting design. LCA is proud to sponsor the Lighting Control Innovation Award, which recognizes projects that exemplify the effective use of lighting controls in nonresidential applications. In this award’s first year, eight projects were recognized with an Award of Merit, with one further recognized with a Special Citation Award.
This month, we will explore the role that energy-saving lighting controls play in the U.S. Department of Energy’s Research Support Facility at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, a net-zero-energy office building. Lighting design by Rachel Petro, Lighting Designer for RNL. Photography by Ron Pollard Photography and Frank Ooms Photography. Control manufacturers/products: Cooper Controls’ GreenGate Microset Occupancy Sensors, Sensor Switch’s PIR/Microphonic Ceiling Mounted Sensors (private offices), Douglas Lighting Controls’ W2000 System.
The U.S. Department of Energy’s National Renewable Energy Laboratory campus houses the nation’s largest net-zero energy office building. The 222,000 square-foot Research Support Facility is pursuing LEED Platinum certification and is designed to consume 50% less energy than a baseline code-compliant building.
The challenge was to design lighting and control systems to complement a day-lit building that consumes as little energy as practical to provide a safe and pleasant working environment, inside and out, within a conservative budget.
Daylight harvesting is utilized in all spaces with daylight contribution. Public spaces are programmed for manual on with time-clock off sweeps. Enclosed spaces are vacancy controlled with occupancy sensors.
The building’s 60-foot width and east-west orientation allows for full daylight penetration. Detailed control zones were implemented to maximize potential energy savings; small switch zones overlap local and
global daylight harvesting zones.
Efficient dimmable, direct/indirect luminaires, compliment exposed structure while running parallel to the windows for optimal daylight harvest zoning.
Private office furniture partitions were integrated with wall-box occupancy sensors, programmed for manual on, control independent 8-foot luminaire sections.
Local photocells provide dimming daylight harvesting, while global photocells provide on/off control for when dimming isn’t enough.
LED site lighting is aggressively controlled for optimal energy savings; accent lights are on during regularly occupied hours of darkness only, full cut-off area lighting is controlled at low-medium-high output levels by a combination of photocell, time-clock, and occupancy sensors.
Occupancy sensors were integrated into the area poles to control pathways, reducing every-other pole to low and off when unoccupied.
The resulting facility is striking, utilizing light only when and where needed, minimizing energy consumption, maximizing occupants’ experience. The control system greatly optimizes performance over the
connected load, resulting in an approximate daily average usage of less than 0.08 W/SF, far surpassing baseline energy code standards.
Got a project? Criteria for the new award, along with submissions forms and procedures, can be viewed at www.IES.org/programs/ia.cfm.
By Lighting Controls Association, on May 13, 2011
WattStopper’s Digital Lighting Management and technical lighting control expertise facilitated completion of Miami-Dade County Public Schools’ new iPrep Academy within tight timeframes. The fast track remodeling project challenged the design and construction teams, as the work had to be completed in just three months.
When Miami-Dade County Public Schools set out to create an engaging, high tech learning environment for its new iPrep Academy, the project team selected Digital Lighting Management (DLM) controls, including dimming devices, personal controls and occupancy sensors. The controls enhance the remodeled Miami school, updated with colorful open spaces incorporating digital teaching tools, while also meeting the requirements of the ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 energy code.
Head Electrician Guillermo Lugo was delighted to discover how easy it was to connect the DLM products. “The wiring is extremely simple, and Plug n’ Go automatic configuration is a real time saver.” Lugo had the controls installed and operational just two weeks after they were specified.
A variety of Digital Lighting Management room controllers and occupancy sensors were selected to switch and dim the lighting, including the LED luminaires, in classrooms, offices, restrooms and the school’s iCafé lounge. For traditional classrooms, an open classroom environment and the lounge, dimming room controllers were utilized along with wall mount dimming switches and several handheld scene remotes. The personal controls allow students and teachers to easily adjust the lighting levels for different activities, including working on computers and viewing other high tech displays. In the rooms with wall mount switches, DLM self-configures for manual-on control, meaning that occupants switch lights on only when they are needed. This sequence of operation saves the most energy.
iPrep Academy is an optional program for the district’s top 11th grade students, who must interview in order to gain acceptance. Students are challenged by a rigorous curriculum including honors and advanced placement courses. Instruction focuses on leadership and problem-solving skills, and the program offers internships with local corporations and government offices. The project team included Capital Task Force Coordinator Roger Ball, Fletcher Vanyo of Fox-Rowden-McBrayer, and Head Electrician Guillermo Lugo.
By Lighting Controls Association, on May 11, 2011
For both energy conservation and economic reasons, Thomas Jefferson University and Hospital, one of the largest healthcare groups in the Philadelphia region, set the goal of reducing its lighting energy consumption by at least 30% without sacrificing illumination quality. To accomplish that – and much more, Jefferson partnered with Encelium Technologies, the manufacturer of the Energy Control System™ (ECS). Encelium customized its innovative lighting control and energy management solution for Jefferson, which has more than 4 million square feet of clinical, research, teaching and housing property.
“The results far-exceeded our expectations,” said Randy Haines, energy manager for Jefferson’s complex. “By giving us the optimal control we wanted, ECS cut our lighting energy consumption by 51%, delivering a payback from energy savings in just four years. We also reduced our carbon footprint significantly with a CO2 reduction of 278 metric tons per year.”
ECS™ uses the collaborative power of addressable networking technology in conjunction with advanced control hardware and software. The system seamlessly integrates and simultaneously deploys six user-friendly energy-management strategies. These include personal controls, task tuning, daylight harvesting, smart-time scheduling, occupancy sensors and load shedding. For hospitals like Jefferson, ECS has been proven to reduce lighting energy expenditures by 50 to 75 percent while improving workplace comfort, ergonomics and occupant productivity. (See full case study: http://www.encelium.com/pdf/case-studies/Encelium_TJU_case_study_Feb_15_2011_O.pdf)
At Jefferson, Haines estimates that lighting represents approximately 15% of the healthcare facility’s electricity costs – nearly $1.7 million per year. Over the course of several years, he developed an advanced metering system for the facility, allowing him to compare energy information on an interval basis and make decisions based on the most current data. With this information, Haines determined just how effective an advanced lighting control system would be at Jefferson in reducing lighting energy and delivering a quick payback on investment.
“As with all hospitals, Jefferson is a 24/7 environment with different lighting requirements for its wide range of areas from patient care to administration to laboratories and more,” said Tony Marano, president and chief executive officer of Encelium. “Because ECS has the flexibility to meet those varied needs, we were able to provide Jefferson with an integrated approach to lighting control that saves both energy and money.”
In 2005, Jefferson began its pilot program for advanced lighting with the 10th floor of the complex’s historic, century-old Main Building. After that program’s success, Jefferson renovated the 5th floor of the Main Building in 2006 as well as the 2nd through 5th floors of the Dorrance H. Hamilton Building in 2007.
“We’ve seen numerous operational advantages with Encelium’s integrated lighting control system, but the bottom line is that ECS has helped us achieve unprecedented lighting-related energy savings,” said Haines. “And with the advent of real-time pricing of electricity, the ability to load shed all lighting with a single command is really powerful. We will continue to use the information from ECS to expand our energy conservation plan throughout our campus.”
In addition to healthcare facilities, ECS is ideal for retrofits or new construction of office buildings, schools, parking garages, big-box retail, stadiums and warehouse space.
As the most advanced lighting control solution for commercial buildings, ECS typically meets or exceeds today’s sustainable requirements for new or existing office buildings, including Title 24, ASHRAE 90.1 and is eligible for various utility rebate programs and local “green” building mandates. The system contributes up to 18 points, depending on the application, toward achieving the coveted U.S. Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design (LEED).
By Lighting Controls Association, on March 16, 2011
 NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida hosts a ribbon-cutting ceremony for the space agency's most environmentally friendly facility, the Propellants North Administrative and Maintenance Facility in Kennedy's Launch Complex 39 area. From left, are Mike Benik, director of Kennedy's Center Operations; James Wright, deputy assistant administrator for the Office of Strategic Infrastructure at NASA Headquarters; Bob Cabana, Kennedy's center director; Ward Davis, president of HW Davis Construction Inc. in Cape Canaveral, FL, installed a light control system from Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. The Propellants North Administrative and Maintenance Facility is using innovative light control strategies to dramatically reduce energy consumption and maximize the use of available daylight.
“We are thrilled to help NASA achieve net zero energy use in their greenest facilty to-date with simple light control strategies that can save up to 60 percent of lighting energy and increase employee comfort and productivity,” said Andy Wakefield, Government Business Development Director at Lutron.
The light controls at the Propellants North Administrative and Maintenance Facility include wireless wall-mounted controls, digitally addressable electronic ballasts, occupancy sensors and daylight sensors to dramatically reduce energy use. “Many of the office walls are solid glass, so installing wireless wall-mounted controls was the perfect solution to allow the buildings to maximize use of available daylight at all times,” said Wakefield.
The recently rebuilt building will be NASA’s first carbon neutral facility, which means it will produce enough energy on site from renewable sources to offset what it requires to operate. The facility will also reach for the U.S. Green Building Council’s Leadership in Environmental and Energy Design (LEED) Platinum status, which is the highest LEED rating.
By Lighting Controls Association, on February 18, 2011
WattStopper’s Digital Lighting Management and technical lighting control expertise facilitated completion of Miami-Dade County Public Schools’ new iPrep Academy within tight timeframes. The fast track remodeling project challenged the design and construction teams, as the work had to be completed in just three months.
When Miami-Dade County Public Schools set out to create an engaging, high tech learning environment for its new iPrep Academy, the project team selected Digital Lighting Management (DLM) controls, including dimming devices, personal controls and occupancy sensors. The controls enhance the remodeled Miami school, updated with colorful open spaces incorporating digital teaching tools, while also meeting the requirements of the ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2007 energy code.
Head Electrician Guillermo Lugo was delighted to discover how easy it was to connect the DLM products. “The wiring is extremely simple, and Plug n’ Go automatic configuration is a real time saver.” Lugo had the controls installed and operational just two weeks after they were specified.
A variety of Digital Lighting Management room controllers and occupancy sensors were selected to switch and dim the lighting, including the LED luminaires, in classrooms, offices, restrooms and the school’s iCafé lounge. For traditional classrooms, an open classroom environment and the lounge, dimming room controllers were utilized along with wall mount dimming switches and several handheld scene remotes. The personal controls allow students and teachers to easily adjust the lighting levels for different activities, including working on computers and viewing other high tech displays. In the rooms with wall mount switches, DLM self-configures for manual-on control, meaning that occupants switch lights on only when they are needed. This sequence of operation saves the most energy.
iPrep Academy is an optional program for the district’s top 11th grade students, who must interview in order to gain acceptance. Students are challenged by a rigorous curriculum including honors and advanced placement courses. Instruction focuses on leadership and problem-solving skills, and the program offers internships with local corporations and government offices. The project team included Capital Task Force Coordinator Roger Ball, Fletcher Vanyo of Fox-Rowden-McBrayer, and Head Electrician Guillermo Lugo.
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